Hello friends! The following is evidence of Pontius Pilate, the man who sentenced our Lord Jesus Christ.
(Credit given at the bottom of each article :D)
John 18:28
18 When Jesus had spoken these words, he went forth with his disciples over the brook Cedron, where was a garden, into the which he entered, and his disciples.
2 And Judas also, which betrayed him, knew the place: for Jesus ofttimes resorted thither with his disciples.
2 And Judas also, which betrayed him, knew the place: for Jesus ofttimes resorted thither with his disciples.
3 Judas then, having received a band of men and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees, cometh thither with lanterns and torches and weapons.
4 Jesus therefore, knowing all things that should come upon him, went forth, and said unto them, Whom seek ye?
5 They answered him, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus saith unto them, I am he. And Judas also, which betrayed him, stood with them.
6 As soon then as he had said unto them, I am he, they went backward, and fell to the ground.
7 Then asked he them again, Whom seek ye? And they said, Jesus of Nazareth.
8 Jesus answered, I have told you that I am he: if therefore ye seek me, let these go their way:
9 That the saying might be fulfilled, which he spake, Of them which thou gavest me have I lost none.
10 Then Simon Peter having a sword drew it, and smote the high priest's servant, and cut off his right ear. The servant's name was Malchus.
10 Then Simon Peter having a sword drew it, and smote the high priest's servant, and cut off his right ear. The servant's name was Malchus.
11 Then said Jesus unto Peter, Put up thy sword into the sheath: the cup which my Father hath given me, shall I not drink it?
12 Then the band and the captain and officers of the Jews took Jesus, and bound him,
13 And led him away to Annas first; for he was father in law to Caiaphas, which was the high priest that same year.
14 Now Caiaphas was he, which gave counsel to the Jews, that it was expedient that one man should die for the people.
15 And Simon Peter followed Jesus, and so did another disciple: that disciple was known unto the high priest, and went in with Jesus into the palace of the high priest.
16 But Peter stood at the door without. Then went out that other disciple, which was known unto the high priest, and spake unto her that kept the door, and brought in Peter.
17 Then saith the damsel that kept the door unto Peter, Art not thou also one of this man's disciples? He saith, I am not.
18 And the servants and officers stood there, who had made a fire of coals; for it was cold: and they warmed themselves: and Peter stood with them, and warmed himself.
19 The high priest then asked Jesus of his disciples, and of his doctrine.
20 Jesus answered him, I spake openly to the world; I ever taught in the synagogue, and in the temple, whither the Jews always resort; and in secret have I said nothing.
21 Why askest thou me? ask them which heard me, what I have said unto them: behold, they know what I said.
22 And when he had thus spoken, one of the officers which stood by struck Jesus with the palm of his hand, saying, Answerest thou the high priest so?
23 Jesus answered him, If I have spoken evil, bear witness of the evil: but if well, why smitest thou me?
24 Now Annas had sent him bound unto Caiaphas the high priest.
25 And Simon Peter stood and warmed himself. They said therefore unto him, Art not thou also one of his disciples? He denied it, and said, I am not.
26 One of the servants of the high priest, being his kinsman whose ear Peter cut off, saith, Did not I see thee in the garden with him?
27 Peter then denied again: and immediately the cock crew.
28 Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover.
29 Pilate then went out unto them, and said, What accusation bring ye against this man?
30 They answered and said unto him, If he were not a malefactor, we would not have delivered him up unto thee.
31 Then said Pilate unto them, Take ye him, and judge him according to your law. The Jews therefore said unto him, It is not lawful for us to put any man to death:
32 That the saying of Jesus might be fulfilled, which he spake, signifying what death he should die.
33 Then Pilate entered into the judgment hall again, and called Jesus, and said unto him, Art thou the King of the Jews?
34 Jesus answered him, Sayest thou this thing of thyself, or did others tell it thee of me?
35 Pilate answered, Am I a Jew? Thine own nation and the chief priests have delivered thee unto me: what hast thou done?
36 Jesus answered, My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence.
37 Pilate therefore said unto him, Art thou a king then? Jesus answered, Thou sayest that I am a king. To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth. Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice.
38 Pilate saith unto him, What is truth? And when he had said this, he went out again unto the Jews, and saith unto them, I find in him no fault at all.
39 But ye have a custom, that I should release unto you one at the passover: will ye therefore that I release unto you the King of the Jews?
40 Then cried they all again, saying, Not this man, but Barabbas. Now Barabbas was a robber.
24 Now Annas had sent him bound unto Caiaphas the high priest.
25 And Simon Peter stood and warmed himself. They said therefore unto him, Art not thou also one of his disciples? He denied it, and said, I am not.
26 One of the servants of the high priest, being his kinsman whose ear Peter cut off, saith, Did not I see thee in the garden with him?
27 Peter then denied again: and immediately the cock crew.
28 Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover.
29 Pilate then went out unto them, and said, What accusation bring ye against this man?
30 They answered and said unto him, If he were not a malefactor, we would not have delivered him up unto thee.
31 Then said Pilate unto them, Take ye him, and judge him according to your law. The Jews therefore said unto him, It is not lawful for us to put any man to death:
32 That the saying of Jesus might be fulfilled, which he spake, signifying what death he should die.
33 Then Pilate entered into the judgment hall again, and called Jesus, and said unto him, Art thou the King of the Jews?
34 Jesus answered him, Sayest thou this thing of thyself, or did others tell it thee of me?
35 Pilate answered, Am I a Jew? Thine own nation and the chief priests have delivered thee unto me: what hast thou done?
36 Jesus answered, My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence.
37 Pilate therefore said unto him, Art thou a king then? Jesus answered, Thou sayest that I am a king. To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth. Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice.
38 Pilate saith unto him, What is truth? And when he had said this, he went out again unto the Jews, and saith unto them, I find in him no fault at all.
39 But ye have a custom, that I should release unto you one at the passover: will ye therefore that I release unto you the King of the Jews?
40 Then cried they all again, saying, Not this man, but Barabbas. Now Barabbas was a robber.
Praise The Lord JESUS CHRIST!!!
Pontius Pilatus
The dates of Pontius Pilatus (Pontius Pilate), prefect of the Roman province of Judaea, aren't known, but he held office from A.D. 26-36. Pontius Pilate has come down in history because of his role in the execution of Jesus and because of his mention in the Christian statement of faith known as the Nicene Creed where it says "... crucified under Pontius Pilate...."
Pontius Pilatus
The dates of Pontius Pilatus (Pontius Pilate), prefect of the Roman province of Judaea, aren't known, but he held office from A.D. 26-36. Pontius Pilate has come down in history because of his role in the execution of Jesus and because of his mention in the Christian statement of faith known as the Nicene Creed where it says "... crucified under Pontius Pilate...."
The Pilate Inscription From Caesarea Maritima
An archaeological find made during an excavation, led by Italian archaeologist Dr. Antonio Frova, effectively put to rest the doubt that Pilate was real. The artifact is now in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem as inventory Number AE 1963 no. 104. There had also been literature, both Biblical and historical and even contemporary with Pilate, testifying to his existence, but it is filled with religious biases, so the 20th century find was important. Pilate appears in Latin on a 2'x3' (82 cm x 65 cm) limestone inscription found in 1961 at Caesarea Maritima that links him to the reign of the Emperor Tiberius. It refers to him as prefect (a Praefectus civitatium) rather than procurator, which is what the Roman historian Tacitus calls him.
Suggested reconstruction of the 4-line (Pontius) Pilate Inscription, from K.C. Hanson's site:
[DIS AUGUSTI]S TIBERIEUM
[. . . . PO]NTIUS PILATUS
[. . .PRAEF]ECTUS IUDA[EA]E
[. .FECIT D]E[DICAVIT]
As you can see, the evidence that Pontius Pilate was "prefect" comes from the letters "ectus". The ectus is just the end of a word, most likely coming from the past participle of a facio-compound verb like prae+facio > praeficio [for other -fect words, see Affect and Effect], whose past participle is praefectus. At any rate, the word is not procurator. The material in square brackets is the educated reconstruction. The idea that it was a dedication of a temple is based on such reconstruction (which includes knowledge of the common purposes for such stones), since the word for gods is the bracketed "dis" and even most of the verb for dedicate is reconstruction, but Tibereium is not. With those provisos, a suggested reconstruction of the inscription is [© K. C. Hanson & Douglas E. Oakman]:
To the honorable gods (this) Tiberium
[. . . . PO]NTIUS PILATUS
[. . .PRAEF]ECTUS IUDA[EA]E
[. .FECIT D]E[DICAVIT]
As you can see, the evidence that Pontius Pilate was "prefect" comes from the letters "ectus". The ectus is just the end of a word, most likely coming from the past participle of a facio-compound verb like prae+facio > praeficio [for other -fect words, see Affect and Effect], whose past participle is praefectus. At any rate, the word is not procurator. The material in square brackets is the educated reconstruction. The idea that it was a dedication of a temple is based on such reconstruction (which includes knowledge of the common purposes for such stones), since the word for gods is the bracketed "dis" and even most of the verb for dedicate is reconstruction, but Tibereium is not. With those provisos, a suggested reconstruction of the inscription is [© K. C. Hanson & Douglas E. Oakman]:
To the honorable gods (this) Tiberium
Pontius Pilate,
Prefect of Judea,
had dedicated
Prefect of Judea,
had dedicated
Pilate vs. The King of the Jews
Pilate worked with Jewish leaders to try the man known by the title the King of the Jews, a position that posed a political threat. In the Roman Empire, a claim to be king was treason. The title was put on the Cross on which Jesus was crucified: The initials INRI stand for the Latin for the name of Jesus and his title King of the Jews (I[J]esus Nazarenus Rex I[J]udaeorum). Maier thinks the use of the title on the Cross conveys derision.
Other Incidents Involving Pilate
The Gospels record Pilate's actions with respect to Jesus. Pilate was more than the Roman official at the trial, though. Maier says there are five incidents involving Pontius Pilate known from secular sources. The last incident was his recall by Roman proconsul Vitellius (father of the emperor of the same name) and his arrival in Rome in 37 A.D., after Emperor Tiberius died.
Our secular sources for the blunders blamed on Pontius Pilate are less than objective. Jona Lendering says Josephus "tries to explain to the non-Jewish public that misgovernment by certain governors added fuel to a smoldering fire...." Lendering says Philo of Alexandria had to portray Pilate as a monster in order to portray the Roman emperor as a good ruler by comparison.
Tacitus (Annals 15.44) also mentions Pontius Pilate:
Christus, from whom the name had its origin, suffered the extreme penalty during the reign of Tiberius at the hands of one of our procurators, Pontius Pilatus, and a most mischievous superstition, thus checked for the moment, again broke out not only in Judaea, the first source of the evil, but even in Rome, where all things hideous and shameful from every part of the world find their centre and become popular.
The Mystery of Pilate's End
Pontius Pilate is known to have been a Roman governor of Judaea from about A.D. 26-36, which is a long tenure for a post that normally lasted only 1-3 years. Maier uses this observation to support his concept of Pilate as a less than awful prefect (Praefectus Iudaeae). Pilate was recalled after he was said to have slaughtered thousands of Samaritan pilgrims (one of the four incidents of maladministration). Pilate's fate would have been decided underCaligula, since Tiberius died before Pilate reached Rome. We don't really know what happened to Pontius Pilate -- other than that he was not reinstated in Judaea. Maier thinks Caligula used the same clemency he used for others accused under Tiberius of treason, although popular versions of what happened to Pilate are that he was sent into exile and committed suicide or that he committed suicide and his body was tossed in the Tiber. Maier saysEusebius (4th century) and Orosius (5th century) are the earliest sources for the idea that Pontius Pilate took his own life. Philo, who was a contemporary of Pontius Pilate, does not mention a punishment under Caligula or suicide.
Pontius Pilate may have been the monster he has been painted or he may have been a Roman administrator in a difficult province who happened to have been in office at the time of the trial and execution of Jesus.
The coins of Pontius Pilate, much like nearly all other ancient coins, reveal much about history and the time from which they were minted. While there are many significant Biblical era coins, the coins of Pontius Pilate are the only coins that highlight the pinnacle of all of human history surrounding the ministry, crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ.
PROXIMITY TO THE CRUCIFIXION
Pontius Pilate ruled as Procurator (Governor) of Judea for ten years from 26-36
AD. Of these ten years, he apparently only minted coins from 29-31 AD. Christ's final years of ministry were in 29-30AD. Crucifixion was in 30 AD, and after his resurrection was the start of the Early Church under the leadership of the Apostle Simon Peter beginning in 30-31 AD.
There are three significant elements surrounding the minting of these coins.
1. Date: These coins were minted at the time of Christ's crucifixion,
2. Location: These coins were minted in Jerusalem, the very city where Christ was crucified, and
3. Government: minted under the rule of the very man who authorized the crucifixion of Jesus. Unlike the majority of Greek and Roman coinage, Jewish coins did not bare the image of any person or animal out of respect for the Jewish prohibition against graven images. Therefore, all of the other Romans procurators ruling over Judea minted coins with non-offensive coin images, such as palm trees, wreaths, branches, shields, and the like. Pontius Pilate, however, while not using any graven image, still used offensive images with symbols of sacred artifacts used by Roman priests in their pagan religions.
29AD COIN: THE SIMPULUM
The simpulum was a ladle utensil used by Roman priests during their religious
ceremonies. This ladle allowed the priests to taste the wine which they poured onto the head of an animal destined for their pagan sacrifice.
29AD COIN: THE THREE EARS OF BARLEY
The three ears of barley which appears on the opposite side was a symbol that was not offensive to the Jews. This is the first time that the ears of barley appeared on Jewish coins, but it had no Jewish significance. Herod Agrippa also used ears of barley on his coins 12 years later.
30AD COIN: THE LITUUS
The lituus was the wooden staff which the Roman priest, or augurs, held in the right hand to symbolize their authority. They would raise the staff toward the heavens to invoke their gods while making their predictions. J.P. Fontanille states that; Legend records that Romulus used it at the time of Rome's foundation in 753 B.C.E. It is interesting to note that the cross used in present times is the direct descendant of the lituus. As with the simpulum, Pilate's coinage is exceptional in that it alone displays the lituus as the sole object illustrated on the face.
30AD COIN: THE WREATH
The laurel wreath is a symbol of power and victory, an image that has been used on numerous ancient Greek, Roman and Jewish coins. On Pilate's coins, the laurel wreath figures on the reverse side of the lituus, framing the date.
Source: http://pontiuspilatecoin.com/
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